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Women of the wild west had to be a resourceful lot to cope with the elements that surrounded them: the harsh conditions, lawlessness and living in an age where there were few amenities. Some women took to the gun as readily as any man and others made lives for themselves apart from dignified society. But for women who made the trek west with their families, their lot was in raising children, running a household (that included food processing, candle and soap making, spinning, weaving, knitting, etc.), establishing schools and churches, and occasionally, warding off Indian attacks. Here are just a few profiles of some of the more famous or infamous of the ladies of the west.

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ANNIE OAKLEY:
An expert rifle and shotgun markswoman, Phoebe Anne Moses went on to achieve fame all over the world as a member of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show - although most people know her as Annie Oakley. Despite her big reputation as being a heroine of the Old West and she did visit, she never really lived any further west than Ohio. Her nickname was "Little Sure Shot" was given to her by Chief Sitting Bull who was so amazed by her skills. She was severely injured in 1901 when the train that carried the Wild West show collided with another and she became partially paralyzed. She performed again but not as the same Annie. She died in 1926, a few years after an auto accident from which she never regained her health.

BELLE STARR:
Ms. Starr was the "Bandit Queen" of the Wild West, but she was just little old Myra Belle Shirley on a farm in Texas before Cole Younger and Frank and Jesse James happened by on their way to Missouri after fencing goods with a Mexican buddy. Young Myra, 18, became smitten by old Cole and their relationship led her right into a life of crime. In 1880 she married a Cherokee Indian named Sam Starr and then took the name Belle Starr. She helped her first husband Jim Reed rob trains in Texas and California and later led a band of horse and cattle thieves after Reed was killed. She was imprisoned in Detroit for stealing horses. She was ambushed and shot in the back while riding alone to her home in Indian Territory. The murderer was never caught.

BIG-NOSE KATE:
She was born Mary Catherine Elder in Hungary and was reported to have been the wife of Doc Holiday, although there are no records of the marriage. She traveled with Holiday to Texas, Dodge City, Las Vegas, New Mexico and finally Tombstone, Arizona. In 1980, Kate moved to Globe, Arizona when Holiday went on to Tombstone to join up with the Earps. She was visiting her beau during the gunfight at the O.K. Corral then married another whom she later left

CALAMITY JANE:
She was born Martha Jane Canary; there are numerous tales of how she got her nickname but no one knows for sure. She was a tough cookie and dressed like a man, in buckskins. By the time she was 18, after moving to Salt Lake City with her parents after the Civil War, Jane had been a nurse, a dishwasher, a waitress, a cook and an ox-team driver. She had a reputation for being able to handle a man, shoot like a cowboy, skills that took her into Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show where she performed sharpshooting astride her horse. The love of her life was Wild Bill Hickok. They were secretly married in 1870 but he took off after the birth of their daughter three years later. Jane then remarried as had Hickok and they were reunited briefly, just before Hickok was killed. During the 1870's, Jane was the subject of some dime novels which brought her national fame. She is buried in Deadwood near Wild Bill Hickok

POKER ALICE:
Born Alice Ivers in England in 1851, she was educated in England and moved with her family to Colorado where she married a mining engineer, who left her a widow. She then hung out in gambling halls, where she became a professional poker dealer for good money. She moved around and worked at various gambling houses, and married a gambler named Tubbs, and lived on a chicken farm until 1910 when her husband died and she returned to gambling and even opened her own place. Her last husband was a gambler named George Huckert, she died in Sturgis, South Dakota in 1930.

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CATTLE KATE:
She was born Ella Watson. Cattle Kate was a prostitute who was hung by vigilantes after being accused of stealing cattle in Wyoming, an act which spurred the Johnson County War. She was not a thief but most likely took some cattle for payment for her services. Even though she married in 1886, she continued her job and claimed a homestead right next to her husband's (James Averell). Both of their homesteads were located right in the middle of land belonging to big time cattleman Albert J. Bothwell and there were many disputes among them. that lead to Bothwell pulling Cattle Kate and her husband out of their homes and lynching them.

CARRY AMELIA MOORE NATION:
Carry Nation is most famous for spearheading the Temperance movement. She came from a troubled background: her mother was mentally ill and her husband was an alcoholic who drank himself to death. She remarried a lawyer named David Nation and soon after moving to Texas, she began having frequent visions. She then settled in Kansas and it was there that she organized the local chapter of the Women's Christian Temperance Union. In 1899, she declared war on liquor and went about smashing up saloons and liquor selling stores with a hatchet. She was arrested repeatedly for her actions and others in the organization soon distanced themselves from her.



There are few others and if you need informations on them as well, please feel free to contact me.